The Elegant Universe :: essays research papers

Part I: The Edge of Knowledge Chapter 1: Tied Up with Strings This is the basic area, where the creator, Brian Greene, inspects the essentials of what is as of now demonstrated to be valid by experimentation in the domain of present day material science. Green proceeds to speak progressively about "The Basic Idea" of string hypothesis. He portrays how physicists are trying to arrive at the Theory of Everything, or T.O.E. Some presume when string hypothesis is totally comprehended that it may end up becoming the T.O.E.Part II: The Dilemma of Space, Time, and Quanta Chapter 2: Space, Time, and the Eye of the Beholder In the part, Greene depicts how Albert Einstein unraveled the mystery about light. In the mid-1800's James Maxwell prevailing with regards to indicating that light was really an electromagnetic wave. From this he inferred that light consistently goes at the speed of light. It never eases back down. Einstein posed the inquiry: "What occurs in the event that we pursue a light emission, at light speed?" From thinking dependent on Newton's laws of movement, one can expect that the light would seem fixed. Be that as it may, as indicated by Maxwell's hypothesis, light can't be fixed. Einstein tackled this issue through his unique hypothesis of relativity. Greene proceeds with his clarifications of the extraordinary hypothesis of relativity.Chapter 3: Of Warps and Ripples Green starts the section by portraying "Newton's View of Gravity" and proceeds by examining the inconsistency of Newtonian Gravity and Special Relativity. The creator likewise discusses how Einstein found the connection among increasing speed and the twisting of existence. Greene likewise plates the essential parts of General Relativity. He later brings up how the two speculations of relativity impact dark gaps, the huge explosion, and the development of space.Chapter 4: Microscopic Weirdness This section depicts, in detail, the activities of quantum mechanics. The creator recounts how waves are affected by quantum technician. He likewise examines the way that electromagnetic radiation, or photons, are really particles and waves. He keeps on examining how matter particles are likewise matter, but since of their h bar, is so little, the impacts are not seen. Green finishes up the quantum mechanics conversation by discussing the vulnerability principle.Chapter 5: The requirement for a New Theory: General Relativity versus Quantum Mechanics This section analyzes the hypothesis of general relativity and quantum mechanics. It shows that relativity primarily worries that tiny world, while quantum mechanics manages the minuscule world.

An Analysis of Lord of the Flies by William Golding Essay

Savage versus Socialized The fundamental worry of Lord of the flies is the contention between the two contending drives that all people have; to live by the guidelines and act right or to challenge the standards and follow up on ones wants. Which means Savage versus Socialized. William Golding partners the intuition of human advancement with great and the impulse of savage with insidious. In the story the character Ralph is the hero who speaks to acculturated, authority, and request. Then again Jack is the rival and speaks to brutality and the longing for power. William suggests that individuals are considerably more inclined to the nature of viciousness than the sense of human progress, particularly without power. In the start of the story, the gatherings that the gathering has are humanized and everyone complies with the standards. They structure a general public that has a pioneer (Ralph) and have an image of power, which is a conch shell. They all tune in to Ralph and utilize the conch shell to talk during the gatherings; making the gatherings enlightened. Initially they all do their part whether it be watching the fire, building things, going chasing for food, or getting water, they all did their part. Supposedly on a large portion of the children begin loosen and the employments are not being progressed nicely; they are getting increasingly savage. For example the fire goes out when a boat goes, there isn't a lot of water in the coconuts, and just 2 individuals construct the last haven. The children can’t even have an edified gathering, and the conch shell isn't being put to use as it ought to be. During the gathering piggy says† What right? People? Or on the other hand creatures? Or on the other hand savages? What’s adults going to think? Going off-chasing pigs-letting out flames and now! † By piggy saying this, it shows that the children truly are acting like wild creatures and little savages. They are done intuition before they are getting things done and have no feeling of control or authority. They are starting to go wild and the impulse of savage is kicking in.

Virtually walk on Columbia Universitys campus today COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Virtually walk on Columbia Universitys campus today COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog If youre like me, you enjoy staying toasty warm in frigid temperatures. But that in itself presents a problem when you want to venture outside to see the sights; especially if youre planning to visit NYC anytime soon. To solve the dilemma of warmth vs. curiosity heres a slideshow of some of the hotspots you would see on Columbia Universitys campus during a visit. While it doesnt make up for seeing the grand buildings in person, at least youll still get a sense of the beautiful architecture and landscapes. So save your campus visit for warmer weather and enjoy this virtual tour in the interim. Happy touring! Celebrated as an example of purely classical architecture, Low Memorial Library was completed in 1897 and served as the main library until 1934. Today this landmark building functions as the administrative center of the University and houses the offices of the President and the Provost. One of the most impressive features of Low is its rotunda topped by the largest all-granite dome in the country. The rotunda, originally the Librarys main reading room, is now used for exhibitions and major University events. Low also serves as the headquarters of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, which offers M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in more than 26 disciplines and in 28 interdepartmental and interschool programs.     Low Plaza has been described as one of the great urban spaces in America. It was built to resemble a Greek amphitheater and is ideal for outdoor events, including concerts, theatrical performances and fairs. Students flock to the plaza steps to sunbathe, socialize and study, making it, in the words of a leading architect, a true urban beach. Watching over the plaza is Alma Mater, a bronze sculpture by Daniel Chester French, famous for his statue of Abraham Lincoln at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C.   The cathedral window of Kent Hall depicting Justice with her scales and sword dates back to the days when the building housed the Law School. Named after Columbias first law professor, James Kent, the building now features the C.V. Starr East Asian Library, and the departments of Middle East and East Asian Languages and Cultures. The Starr Library has one of the major collections on East Asia in the United States and includes books, periodicals, and microfilms of Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Tibetan and Western language materials. Kent is also the administrative home of Student Financial Services and the Registrar. Students can obtain university I.D. cards here.   An authentic bronze casting of Rodins Le Penseur (The Thinker) stands before the entrance of Philosophy Hall. The building is home to several departments, including Philosophy, English and Comparative Literature, French, and Romance Philology.   Buell Hall is home to La Maison Française. Founded in 1913, La Maison Française is the oldest French cultural center established on an American university campus. It is a meeting place for students, scholars, business leaders, policy-makers and those seeking a better understanding of the French and Francophone world. Buell Hall also houses the Temple Hoyne Center for the Study of American Architecture, the Arthur Ross Architecture Gallery and Columbias Headquarters for Japanese Architectural Studies and Advanced Research.   Built in 1904 and designated a New York City landmark in 1966, St. Pauls Chapel is nondenominational and provides a beautiful space for hundreds of events each year, including weekly religious services, weddings, lectures, memorials and concerts. Artwork inside the Chapel includes three stained glass windows handcrafted by John LaFarge and a Peace Altar designed by George Nakashima.   Avery Hall houses Columbias Graduate School of Architecture, Planning, and Preservation, which was founded in 1881. Masters degrees are offered in architecture and in specialties such as urban design, urban planning, historic preservation, and real estate development. The School also offers a post-professional program, the degree in Advanced Architectural Design. Doctoral programs are offered in conjunction with the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. The Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library, one of the most comprehensive architectural libraries in the country, is located here. Its collection includes books and periodicals in architecture, historic preservation, art history, painting, sculpture, graphic arts, decorative arts, city planning, real estate, and archaeology. The Avery collection in architecture ranges from the first Western printed book on architecture, L. B. Albertis De Re Aedificatoria (1485), to a broad collection of books on contemporary architectural movements.   Fayerweather is one of the buildings that complete a small quadrangle on the northeast end of the campus. It is home to the History and Sociology departments. Along with traditional areas of study, the history department offers joint programs with the law school, the School of International and Public affairs, as well as the medical school and the School of Public Health. Sociology also maintains active teaching and research ties with various schools, departments and institutes at Columbia.   Jerome Greene Hall, the main building within the Law School complex, has been home to the School of Law since 1960. The School, which was founded in 1858, is one of the oldest in the United States. Its graduates include U. S. presidents, Supreme Court justices; senators; governors and other high ranking government officials; leading human rights advocates; legal scholars; entrepreneurs, and other corporate leaders. It is home to many of Americas most distinguished legal academics, and the site of one of the finest law libraries in the world. Max Abramovitz and Wallace Harrison designed the building. Among his many buildings, Harrison is perhaps most widely known for leading an international team of architects that designed the United Nations headquarters.   Casa Italiana, one of three New York City landmarks on campus, is home to the Italian Academy for Advanced Studies in America. It is one of many buildings on campus designed by the renowned architectural firm of McKim, Meade and White. It was restored in 1993 based on the designs of Italian architect Italo Rota of Paris and Milan and Samuel E. White of Buttrick, White Burtis of New York. Founded in 1991 on the basis of an agreement between the Republic of Italy and Columbia University, the Academy promotes advanced research in all areas relating to Italian history and society. In addition, it seeks to establish a high level of academic and cultural exchange between Italy and the US.   The International Affairs Building houses Columbias School of International and Public Affairs (SIPA). Founded in 1946, SIPA offers interdisciplinary masters degree programs in international affairs, and in public policy and administration. Several certificate programs are also offered. The building houses seven regional institutes, including the Weatherhead East Asian Institute, the Harriman Institute for the study of Russia and the former Soviet republics, as well as centers devoted to the study of Human Rights, the United Nations, and Urban Research and Policy. The Economics and Political Science departments, and the Institute for Social and Economic Research and Policy are also located here, as is the Lehman Library for the Social Sciences.   Construction on Schermerhorn began in 1896. An inscription above the entrance reads For the advancement of natural science. Speak to the earth and it shall teach thee. The centers and departments located in this building include: African-American Studies; Anthropology; Art History and Archaeology; Geology; Psychology; Womens Studies; the Miriam Ira D. Wallach Fine Arts Center, and the Center for Environmental Research and Conservation. Franz Boas founded the nations first department of anthropology here in 1899. Graduates from this program include pioneering cultural anthropologists Ruth Benedict and Margaret Mead. Schermerhorn is well known in science circles as the site of Thomas Hunt Morgans drosophila experiment, which laid the foundation for modern genetics and helped him earn the Nobel Prize in 1933.   Uris Hall serves as the main building for Columbia Business School, which offers MBA, Executive MBA and PhD programs, as well as short-term, non-degree courses for executives. The school’s location in the business and financial capital of the world and its relationships with global business and academic leaders make it one of the premier schools for graduate business education. The school also shares a new building on Amsterdam Avenue with the School of Law.   The Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science occupies a cluster of buildings on the north end of the campus: the Schapiro Center for Engineering and Physical Science Research (pictured), shared with the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences; the Seeley Wintersmith Mudd building, which is home to the Botwinick Gateway Laboratories, a state-of-the-art facility for computer-aided design; the Computer Science Building, and Engineering Terrace. The School offers bachelors, masters, and doctoral degrees in applied physics and applied mathematics; biomedical engineering; chemical engineering; civil engineering and engineering mechanics; computer science; earth and environmental engineering; electrical engineering; industrial engineering and operations research, and mechanical engineering.   Pupin Hall is home to the Physics and Astronomy departments. The building is named after Michael I. Pupin, a graduate of Columbia College, and a professor at the University for more than 30 years. Pupin was an active inventor and patented many of his ground-breaking inventions including a method of rapid X-ray photography, secondary X-ray radiation, telecommunications technology, and sonar-related technology. During his lifetime, he received 34 patents. His autobiography, From Immigrant to Inventor, won a Pulitzer Prize in 1924.   Havemeyer Hall is devoted to the application and study of Chemistry, with a strong emphasis on research. Pioneering research conducted here led to the discovery of deuterium, for which Harold Clayton Urey received the Nobel Prize in 1934. Six others who did research here subsequently received the Nobel Prize, including Irving Langmuir, the first industrial chemist to be so honored in 1932. Room 309, the grand lecture hall in the center of Havemeyer remains the signature architectural feature of Charles Follen McKims original design. It has been prominently featured in over a dozen films.   As the name suggests, this building houses the Mathematics Department. This former home of the Engineering School once featured a full-sized steam locomotive inside. The area around Mathematics Hall is known as the site of the Battle of Harlem Heights. During the American Revolution, George Washingtons troops staged an important offensive against the British troops here. Though inconclusive, it revived American morale after defeats in Long Island and at Kips Bay. A plaque on the Broadway side of the building commemorates the battle. The mathematics and science library here have two distinct and separately maintained collections. The mathematics holdings cover all aspects of pure mathematics, including algebra, number theory, geometry, topology, mathematical statistics, and probability. The library currently subscribes to 250 international mathematics serials. The science collection consists of general and multidisciplinary materials in such areas as the history of science and technology, older scientific periodicals and publications of academies and learned societies.   Earl Hall is Columbias religious and community service headquarters. Dedicated in 1902, it is one of the oldest buildings on campus. The University Chaplain and campus ministers have offices here along with more than 50 religious, political, and community service groups. Through these organizations, approximately 850 student volunteers working with Columbias Community Impact program, serve more than 1,000 people weekly, addressing community needs for tutoring, social service referrals, food, and more.   The School of General Studies (GS) and the School of Continuing Education are located in Lewisohn Hall. The School of General Studies is the undergraduate college for nontraditional students who have interrupted their education for at least one year after high school or during college and have chosen to return to higher education to complete a Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science. Continuing Education students enroll in undergraduate and graduate courses offered by more than 40 academic departments in Arts and Sciences. Lewisohn also houses the Language Resource Center and the Learning Center, a walk-in tutoring facility.   Dodge Hall is home to Columbias School of the Arts (founded in 1965); the Department of Music; the 688-seat Kathryn Bache Miller Theatre; the Gabe M. Weiner Music and Arts Library; the Center for Ethnomusicology; the LeRoy Neiman Center for Print Studies; the Digital Media Center, and the Lifetime Screening Room. The School of the Arts offers Master of Fine Arts degrees in the fields of Film, Theatre, Visual Arts, and Writing, as well as undergraduate majors in Film and Visual Arts and a special program in Creative Writing. The Department of Music, one of the oldest in the country (founded in 1896), offers a range of instruction from doctoral training in composition and musicology to appreciation and criticism of music as a liberal art. The program provides many opportunities to perform and presents a series of concerts and colloquia.   The Graduate School of Journalism, located in Journalism Hall, offers an intensive masters degree program with concentrations in broadcast, newspaper, magazine, and new-media journalism. The School is also home to the foremost prizes in journalism, including the Pulitzer Prizes; the Alfred I. duPontâ€"Columbia Awards for broadcast journalism; the National Magazine Awards; the Maria Moors Cabot Prizes for reporting on Latin America; the J. Anthony Lukas Prize for book writing, and the Alfred Eisenstaedt Award for magazine photography. The Columbia Journalism Review is published here as well. Journalism Hall was built in 1912 with funds donated by famed publisher Joseph Pulitzer.   Alfred Lerner Hall, Columbias student center, serves students needs conveniently in one location and is a central area of activity on campus. Some of the highlights of the center are: student lounges; two dining venues; copy center; black box theater; pool and game room; 7,000 undergraduate mailboxes; two computer rooms, one allowing 24-hour access; numerous multi-functional event spaces, including a 1,100-seat auditorium; a 400-seat cinema, and offices for administrative services and student organizations. Bernard Tschumi, former dean of the Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation, in association with Gruzen Samton Architects were responsible for the building design. The architects strove for a facility that featured a modern innovative design, while remaining true to the Universitys more classic architecture.   The Columbia University Libraries is one of the ten largest academic library systems in the nation, with holdings of more than 8.2 million volumes in 22 libraries, each supporting a specific academic or professional discipline. Built in 1934, Butler Library houses close to one-third of the Libraries on-site collections. The Philip L. Milstein Family College Library, floors two through four, serves Columbias undergraduate students. Of special interest at Butler are the Rare Book and Manuscript Library, which contains more than 600,000 rare books and 28 million manuscripts, and the world-famous Oral History Research Office and collection. LibraryWeb is the online gateway to a wide variety of electronic resources (e.g., E-journals, databases), web-based services (e.g., Interlibrary Loan, Ask Us Now), and contact information for library staff and subject specialists.   Hamilton Hall, an original McKim, Mead, and White building, is home to Columbia College, one of the most prestigious undergraduate institutions in the world. The College, which prizes its renowned Core Curriculum, offers programs of study leading to the B.A. in 61 subjects and has 5 dual degree programs as well as a joint degree program with the Juilliard School of Music. The College Deans office and the Undergraduate Admissions Office for Columbia College and the Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science are located here. In addition, the building houses the department of Slavic languages.   The Northwest Corner Building (NWC) houses faculty offices, classrooms, and research facilities for the disciplines of chemistry, biology, engineering and physics. Serving as a physical and intellectual bridge, linking laboratories and maximizing the ready sharing and exchange of ideas, resources and information, the new building will enhance the existing collaborations and stimulate new ones.   William C. Warren Hall is home to two legal advocacy programs run by Columbia Law School: the Child Advocacy Clinic and the Prisoners Family Rights Clinic. [Photos and text courtesy of Columbia University Visitors Center]

Ciceros De Amicitia Essays - 1263 Words

Ciceros De Amicitia Cicero’s De Amicitia brings a unique perspective to the topic of friendship and how it relates to death. The word amicitia comes from the Latin root word amor which is translated to mean â€Å"love†. In this day and age the word friendship has taken on a slightly different meaning from the ancient meaning. Cicero’s De Amicitia seeks to define what friendship is, its characteristics and principles. He has challenged us to reconsider what constitutes a true friend. Upon observing a typical friendship it becomes clear to us that this relationship is actually devoid of true love; the love in which Cicero speaks of. A genuine friendship is a rare and beautiful thing; a mutual relationship formed between two virtuous people†¦show more content†¦Pleasure based friendships are regulated by feelings. It is the opportunity of the moment to satisfy ones own desires for pleasure which inhibits a man and a women from truly loving the other person as though they were a second self. A Friendship based on affection is still not a true friendship because it satisfies personal pleasure before it takes into account the well-being of the other individual. â€Å"Friendship excels relationship in this, that whereas you may eliminate affection from relationship, you cannot do so from friendship. Without it relationship still exists in name, friendship does not.† For Cicero only the friendship of those who are good, and similar in their goodness, is perfect. It is based on virtue and goodness, both absolutely and for his friend. A true friendship lasts only as long as such men remain good. â€Å"For, seeing that a belief in a man’s virtue is the original cause of friendship, friendship can hardly remain if virtue be abandoned.† Virtue is the keystone which both creates and preserves this friendship; â€Å"Then there are those who find the â€Å"chief good† in virtue. Well, that is a noble doctrine. But the very virtue they talk of is the parent and preserver of friendship, and without it friendship cannot possibly exist.† It is only natural that these friendships areShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Ciceros Laelius de Amicitia1267 Words   |  6 PagesMortalitas et Amicitia Cicero s De Amicitia brings a unique perspective to the topic of friendship and how it relates to death. The word amicitia comes from the Latin root word amor which is translated to mean love. In this day and age the word friendship has taken on a slightly different meaning from the ancient meaning. Cicero s De Amicitia seeks to define what friendship is, its characteristics and principles. He has challenged us to reconsider what constitutes a true friend. Upon

Mechatronics What It Takes to Become an Expert - 1095 Words

The term Mechatronics is a word originally created by Tetsuo Mori while he was employed by the Yaskawa Electric Corporation; the term was quickly trademarked by his employing company and became a word to describe Mechanical-Electronic components engineering. There is no specific, agreed upon definition of the word Mechatronics; people outside the field narrowly see Mechatronics as the mechanical and electronic works when combined in any field of engineering. Though, speaking to engineers in the field of Mechatronics you will find that it involves the mechanical, electrical and most importantly, the use of a computer to govern different elements (1). There is no standard degree for Mechatronics, though some universities offer robotic oriented minors and skill-sets, such as The University of Central Florida’s â€Å"Intelligent Robotic Systems† (IRS) interdisciplinary minor (2). Finding a complete degree of Mechatronics (not simply Mechatronic Technology) is very hard to d o as students would need to cover many different fields of study; most students of Mechatronics cover a Bachelors degree in Mechanical Systems, Electrical Systems or Computer Systems Engineering, and continue with a Masters Degree in Mechatronics, such as the degree offered by the University of California. (6) Systems engineering requires a bachelor’s degree, as it builds on an engineering discipline and relates ways to improve or refine the interconnection of systems to a larger cohesive picture. Besides aShow MoreRelatedBmw, The German Automobile, Motorcycle, And Engine Manufacturing Company4735 Words   |  19 PagesUnion (â€Å"History of BMW†, 2015). It also launched a better version of the previous motorcycle called the R32 which was showcased at the German Motor Show in Berlin (â€Å"History of BMW†, 2015). After BMW’s revelation of the R32 to the public consumers and experts were amazed. In 1925 its predecessor the R37 model came out which was twice the power of the R32 (â€Å"BMW History†, 2012). This great innovation earned them a 5 year streak in the German Championships 500 ccm category between 1924 and 1929 (â€Å"BMW History†Read MoreDevelopment Of Vehicles And Its Impact On The Human Civilization1647 Words   |  7 Pagesbefore and the future vehicles will play a major role in the future technology revolution. In the essay, we will introduce the history of cars firstly; secondly, current technology used in the vehicles will be illustrated; the third part will clarify what the future vehicle will be like. 2 Development of vehicles 2.1 Historical background Vehicles and other modern advanced sophisticated tools are not invented by some people who are sitting there, at the beginning of the invention of the car also isRead MoreAircraft Take Off and Landing Using Fuzzy Logics9736 Words   |  39 Pageswhich is being presented in the project entitled â€Å"AIRCRAFT TAKE-OFF AND LANDING CONTROL SYSTEM USING FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER’’ in the partial fulfilment of requirements for the Award of degree of M.Tech (Electronics and Communication Engineering) submitted in the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering at GURU NANAK DEV ENGINEERING COLLEGE, LUDHIANA under PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERESITY, JALANDHAR is my work done to study aircraft take-off and landing performance of aircraft and design a controlRead More THE IMPACT OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN IMPROVING STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES65118 Words   |  261 Pagessupport and assistance of many individuals. First and foremost, I would like to thank my supervi sor, Mr. Stewart Martin, who was always ready and eager to help me at each step of the way, and whose feedback and suggestions helped ensure that this would become a quality piece of scholarly work. Mr. Martin’s critically analytical questioning has been invaluable in helping me clarify ideas and his thoughtfulness and scholarly insights have contributed to my thinking and writing. I will remain forever gratefulRead MoreQuality Improvement328284 Words   |  1314 Pagesmaterial for self-study. Chapter Organization and Topical Coverage The book contains five parts. Part I is introductory. The first chapter is an introduction to the philosophy and basic concepts of quality improvement. It notes that quality has become a major business strategy and that organizations that successfully improve quality can increase their productivity, enhance their market penetration, and achieve greater profitability and a strong competitive advantage. Some of the managerial and

Cultural determinants of Latin Americans Free Essays

The Latino population in the US is about 14 % (in 2006) and would rise to about 25 % within a few years. This population has very important healthcare needs, and they cannot be ignored as they form a very important part of the population of the US (Caballero, 2006). The incidence rates of diabetes are very high in the Latin American population that resides in the US. We will write a custom essay sample on Cultural determinants of Latin Americans or any similar topic only for you Order Now Hispanics have a high chance of developing diabetes due to genetic predisposition. The occurrence of type I diabetes is similar in Hispanic and Whites, but the prevalence of type II diabetes is almost twice higher. Environmental factors (associated with urbanization, lifestyle and leading a sedentary lifestyle) tend to impact the manner in which the disease develops and progresses in Hispanics. The outcome of diabetes of Latinos who reside in the US is particularly poor (Caballero, 2006). These rates are especially high in those above the age of 60 year. About 33 % of the female population and about 31 % of the male population suffer from diabetes. The incidence rates could be higher due to a number of unreported cases. At the moment, the Hispanic population is experiencing a lot of problems with relation to accessing the healthcare services in the US. These include a reduced provision of healthcare services, poor knowledge about the availability of the healthcare services, poor insurance coverage, poor policies framed to cover the healthcare needs of the immigrants, absence of procedures in order to secure the healthcare services, inability to afford the high cost of healthcare, poor transportation facilities, cultural problems that are experienced whilst interacting with the healthcare professionals (difference in language, culture, ethnicity, values, etc), discrimination, fear, etc (Sotomayor, Pawlik Dominguez, 2007). Healthcare services are provided at rather inconvenient hours and the transportation facilities, to and fro the healthcare unit is very poor. Some individuals belonging to the Latin Communities fear using the healthcare system as they feel that they get discriminated and deported to their home nation. Individuals belonging to the Latin communities are unable to build a rapport with the healthcare professional (Kaleidoscope). The CDC began to understand that the Latin Communities were unable to obtain effective healthcare services in the US. Hence, it launched the Latin Education Project in the year 2000 to educate the Latin Communities, make them understand their health problems, encourage health promotion and prevent the development of chronic diseases. The incidences, complications and mortality of diabetes were high in the Texas region of the Latin Communities. The communities had very poor knowledge of their health problems, as they were basically illiterate, uneducated, lived in villages and worked as farmers. Their economic situation was also very poor in the US. About 42 % of the population that reside in the Coastal Bend Area of Texas is basically Hispanic and a sizeable amount belongs to the elder age group. In some areas, the Hispanic population is about 80 to 90 %, and this would mean that the health problems that arise due to not using the healthcare facilities are even higher. About 28 % of the elder aged-group Hispanic population lives below the poverty line. The unemployment rates are also very high in the Hispanic population (about 6 %). About 50 % of the population that live in Texas meets with fatal outcomes due to a chronic disease such as diabetes and CVS disease (Sotomayor, Pawlik Dominguez, 2007). The Latin populations also have a lot of beliefs about healthcare, which affects the manner in which they seek healthcare services in the US. In 4 different parts of the World, Weller et al performed a study in 1999, to determine the beliefs the Latin communities had about diabetes. It was performed in Latin Communities in Connecticut, Texas, Mexico and Guatemala. A survey tool in the form of a questionnaire was utilized that had about 130 items regarding their beliefs about the cause, characteristics and the management of diabetes. Different populations were utilized to determine the consistency patterns. The study demonstrated that there were homogeneous beliefs in all the four communities with regards to Diabetes. As the incidence of diabetes was higher in the population, so were their knowledge levels of the disease. The cultural knowledge of diabetes was associated with greater educational levels. Sharing and transmission of knowledge was higher in populations living in developed areas. The cultural knowledge of diabetes seemed to be true and proven through modern medicine. However, there were some wrong beliefs, which existed in the population regarding diabetes. This may be due to a lack of information in a particular area, and could be easily corrected through education. The population was aware that diabetes developed due to the lack or a problem of insulin in the body. There were also aware of the frequent symptoms of diabetes such as tiredness, frequent urination, dizziness, excessive thirst, visual disturbances, etc (Weller, Baer, Pacher, et al 1999). The Latin populations do not belief in preventive care (which is given a lot of priority and importance in the US). Economic and spiritual factors influence the need to seek preventive medical care. The population may not like to seek unnecessary medical check-ups, as it may be very costly for them. Only if the patients were sick and terribly unwell, would he/she seek medical care. Hence, they are at a very high risk of developing serious complications that may arise in association with several chronic diseases. Many people end up with fatal outcomes in the hospitals. Hence, they soon begin not to trust the local healthcare providers, and tend to lose confidence in the US healthcare system. The uninsured rates are also very high in the Latino populations. The Latin population believes that curses and spiritual issues could result in the development of illness, and hence, would first seek care from a spiritual healer. Rituals, local herbs and medicines are utilized to treat the disease, frequently without much success (Kaleidoscope). The Healthcare system in the US is beginning to change in order to meet the needs of the Latino population. Awareness programs are being launched by the CDC, American Diabetic Association, etc, to educate the Latino population of their health problems and the manner in which it is to be addressed. Physicians in certain parts of the US get extra academic benefits if they serve the minority population. Several organizations in the US are conducting relevant research and studies to identify the factors that could accelerate disease and worsen their health problems. Accordingly, the health system is being modified. Physicians and other healthcare personnel belonging to Latin origins are being recruited in the healthcare system to ensure that the patients can speak in their native language to the professionals. Many organizations are also visiting the Latin populations to identify their health problems and develop a solution for them. The government and local agencies are also making an effort to provide health insurance coverage for these Latin populations. Transportation facilities that serve the Latin populations are also being improved. The communities are being reassured that they would not be discriminated, abused or deported to their home nation whilst accessing healthcare services. Pictures are frequently utilized at the healthcare unit to ensure proper communication. Brochures and graphics in local languages are utilized to create greater awareness for the Latin populations. The CDC and other health organizations in the US are creating a separate segment in their websites that would help the Latin population access health information (Kaleidoscope). References: Caballero, A. E. (2006), Culturally Competent Diabetes Care and Education for Latinos, American Diabetic Association, 3(12), 3. http://docnews. diabetesjournals. org/cgi/content/full/3/12/3 Kaleidoscope – Latinos / Hispanics, Retrieved on June 22, 2007, from Kaleidoscope Website: http://cnnc. uncg. edu/pdfs/latinoshispanics. pdf Nelson, K. , Geiger, A. M. Mangione, C. M. (2002), Effect of Health Beliefs on Delays in Care for Abnormal Cervical Cytology in a Multiethnic Population, J Gen Intern Med, 17(9), 709–716. http://www. pubmedcentral. nih. gov/articlerender. fcgi? artid=1495105 Sotomayor, M. , Pawlik, F. Dominguez, A. (2007), Building Community Capacity for Health Promotion in a Hispanic Community, Prev Chronic Dis, 4(1), A16. http://www. pubmedcentral. nih. gov/articlerender. fcgi? artid=1832126 Weller, S. C. , Galzer, M. , Baer, R. D. (1999), Latino Beliefs about Diabetes, Diabetes Care, 22(5), 722-728. http://care. diabetesjournals. org/cgi/reprint/22/5/722. pdf How to cite Cultural determinants of Latin Americans, Papers

social changes Essays - Fiction, Literature, Gender Studies

In the nineteenth century gender specific roles and male repression of women?s roles and ideal was common place. Women had stereotypes and restrictive criterion placed on them. In the represent day women have made huge strides in their struggle for equality with men. However, the nineteenth century was still very early in the women?s movement and very different from today. At this time women were thought to be incapable of much of what men were. Consequently women were often not allowed or expected to do the things that men did. At times simply being treated as an imbecile or a child by the men of society would take place. A woman's independence comes with a price only if that society creates it, which many of them do, because most societies have long operated on the base of controlling women. Not working with women, but controlling them and keeping them financially and emotionally dependent on men. There was nothing chivalrous about this, yet, it was about control. A woman must lear n to speak her mind in a way that earns her respect and dignity from her husband, which in turn, will be accepted by society. In the short stories, Story of an Hour written by Kate Chopin, and Yellow Wallpaper written by Charlotte Gilman shows the repression of two women that are being dominated by their husbands in different ways. On the contrary, in Daisy Miller, society is attempting to repress her of freedom of self-expression. Emotional repression, male domination and female oppression are methods to keep women from gaining their independence in society. In Story of an Hour, Louise Mallard was emotionally repressed by her marriage to her husband, Brently Mallard. Upon learning that Mr. Mallard was killed in a tragic accident, Louise was faced with a storm of emotions. Briefly, she mourned his death, and then she discovers this to be her way to emotional freedom. Throughout her marriage, she was forced to live up to his expectations and always had someone to look after her or tell her what to do.? There would be no one to live for her during those coming years; she would live for herself?. She realizes after his apparent death that she was ?Free, free, free?. This shows how her life would change and she is now a new person and removed from the emotionally repressed life that she lived before. Louise was a wife finally free of the domestic servitude called ?marriage? she was trapped in. Mr. Mallard?s death brought upon a sense of liberating independence because when he was alive he would use his ?powerful will? to bend hers. The emotio nal repression from her marriage is what ultimately killed Louise. Mr. Mallard?s death unleashed an array of emotions that was too much for her weak heart to handle. The young wife in the Yellow Wallpaper also faced similar repression, along with extreme male domination in her marriage. John, the young wife?s husband, diagnoses her as having a mental nervous condition. His assumption of his own superior wisdom and maturity leads him to misjudge, patronize and dominate his wife, all in the name of ?helping her.? She is reduced to acting like a cross, petulant child unable to stand up for herself without seeming unreasonable or disloyal. ?What is it, little girl? He said. Don?t go walking about like that ?you?ll get a cold.? This quote shows that John treats his wife as if she is a child in need of his guidance. He talks to her as if she was his daughter instead of his wife. She does as her husband asks of her but secretly disobeys him when he is not around. John?s dominating demeanor forces his wife to find solace in the yellow wallpaper and ultimately uses it to retain some control and exercise the power of her mind from her oppression and escape s her binds. Although she does become mentally ill by the end of the story, she does conquer her dominator by breaking out of her isolation and proving to herself that she can accomplish what she set out to do regardless of people trying to direct her and her life. In Daisy Miller, society is attempting to get Daisy